Apria Home Healthcare Insights

What To Know About Humidifiers In CPAP Therapy

Written by Robert Miller | Apr 23, 2025 8:47:59 PM

Comfort, Safety, and Best Practices

For many individuals using CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) therapy to manage obstructive sleep apnea, comfort is key to maintaining consistent treatment. A humidifier is one of the most commonly recommended solutions to enhance comfort. By adding moisture to the pressurized air, humidifiers can significantly reduce discomforts like dry mouth, nasal irritation, sinus congestion, and chapped lips. However, it’s essential to understand both the benefits and the proper maintenance of humidifiers to ensure they remain safe and effective.

“A CPAP humidifier can transform your sleep therapy experience, but only when used with care. Cleanliness and the right water aren’t just maintenance—they’re essential steps in protecting your lungs and preserving the effectiveness of your treatment,” says Robert Miller, Apria's Vice President of Sleep Business.

Why a Humidifier is Helpful for CPAP User


When we breathe naturally, our nose acts as a built-in humidifier—warming and moisturizing the air before it enters our lungs. However, during CPAP therapy, the air is delivered at a higher pressure and speed than our nasal passages can manage. This often leads to dry sinuses, sore throats, runny noses, and sinus headaches—especially in dry climates or during winter months.

Adding a heated humidifier to your CPAP setup helps moisturize the air, alleviating these side effects and making therapy more comfortable and sustainable over time. Properly humidified air can also soothe irritated respiratory passages, supporting overall airway health and reducing the likelihood of discomfort or infection.

Heated vs. Non-Heated Humidification

  • Heated Humidification: This method warms the water in the humidifier, adding both moisture and warmth to the air. It is especially effective in alleviating dryness, irritation, and nasal congestion, particularly in colder environments. Heated humidification also maintains consistent humidity levels, minimizing the risk of "rainout" (condensation in the tubing), and is often preferred for comfort during therapy.
  • Non-Heated Humidification: This method relies on room-temperature water to add moisture to the air. While it can reduce dryness to some extent, it is less effective in cold climates or for individuals with significant dryness or irritation. Non-heated humidifiers are simpler in design and may be a more budget-friendly option.

The choice between these two types depends on personal needs and environmental factors. Consulting with a healthcare provider or CPAP equipment provider can help determine the most suitable option.

A Word of Caution: Humidifiers Must Be Maintained Properly

While humidifiers provide comfort, they also create a warm and damp environment—ideal for bacteria, mold, and other pathogens to grow if not properly cleaned and maintained. Respiratory infections can arise from contaminated humidifier chambers, which is why cleanliness is crucial. Since the air from your CPAP machine goes directly into your airways, it’s essential to keep your equipment clean and safe.

Cleaning Schedule

To reduce health risks and maintain humidifier performance:

  • Clean your humidifier water chamber weekly with mild soap and warm water, and allow it to air-dry completely.
  • Sanitize the chamber by soaking it in a solution of equal parts white vinegar and water for 20 minutes. Rinse thoroughly afterward.
  • Replace your water chamber every 6 months to ensure optimal function and hygiene.

The Importance of Using Distilled Water

The type of water you use in your humidifier matters more than many realize. Only distilled water should be used in your CPAP humidifier. Here’s why:

  • Distilled water is free of minerals and microorganisms. It’s produced by boiling water into steam, then condensing it back into a clean liquid form.
  • Using distilled water prevents mineral buildup that can damage your CPAP machine.
  • It also reduces the risk of inhaling harmful microbes that may be present in untreated tap or well water.

Understanding Water Types: What to Use and What to Avoid

  • Distilled Water: Best choice for CPAP humidifiers.
  • Purified Water: Not recommended; may still contain microorganisms.
  • Spring Water: Not suitable; may contain natural minerals and bacteria.
  • Mineral Water: Not recommended; poses risks of buildup and contamination.

Avoid using essential oils or fragrances in your humidifier. While they may seem like a nice touch, these substances can be harmful to inhale over several hours and may damage your CPAP machine.

A humidifier can greatly improve your CPAP experience, making it easier to stick with therapy and get the restful sleep your body needs. But comfort should never come at the cost of safety. By following a strict cleaning routine, using only distilled water, and avoiding additives, you can protect both your health and your equipment.

References
Editorial, Apria. “Apria Direct.” CPAP Humidifier: What It Is, How It Works & Benefits, April 3, 2025. https://www.apriadirect.com/blog/what-is-a-cpap-humidifier-different-types-settings-more/?srsltid=AfmBOoqNRFWGVsY3FxtEPQlSu139T4DffXM58JnK_AFzxdC9-BFvBS7O.
Peters, Brandon. “Is It Necessary to Use a CPAP Humidifier to Treat Sleep Apnea?” Verywell Health, January 9, 2025. https://www.verywellhealth.com/do-you-have-to-use-the-humidifier-with-cpap-3015036.
Yu, Chung-Chieh, Cheng-Ming Luo, Yu-Chih Liu, and Huang-Pin Wu. “The Effects of Heated Humidifier in Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Titration.” Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, March 2013. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3575558/. 

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