These issues are important because PICCs are not recommended for lifetime IV therapy. PICCs are less invasive and risky to insert because no sedation is required and there is no risk of lung puncture. PICCs also have a lower rate of infection because skin temperature and bacteria count in the bend of the arm are lower than in the chest. PICCs are not recommended for people who perform repetitive arm-bending activities, because the catheter could become dislodged.

Hickman catheters are surgically inserted by a doctor into a patient's chest. Approximately 4 to 6 inches of catheter are visible outside the patient's chest. This type of catheter is more risky to have inserted because of the anesthesia and because the needle used to insert it is inserted near the upper tip of the lung. This can lead to an accidental, but rare, puncture of the lung.

Hickman catheters can remain in longer than PICCs, and are preferable for patients who may need IV therapy for an indefinite period of time. They can and do remain in for years without any complications. This type of catheter may also be chosen by someone who does want the catheter to be visible.